sunspot需要java支持，下面是ubuntu安装java的代码

#更新软件包
sudo apt-get update

#安装openjdk-8-jdk
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk

#查看版本
java -version

#添加执行路径，/etc/profile中添加
export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin"

开发环境中示例代码

#两个model
rails g scaffold Article name:stirng content:string
rails g scaffold Comment content:string articles:references

#添加两个gem
gem 'sunspot_rails'
gem 'sunspot_solr'

#model
searchable do 
  #boost是提高权重
  text :name, :boost => 5 
  text :content
  #关联comment
  text :comments do 
    comments.map(&:content) 
  end 
end

#controller
def index 
  @search = Article.search do 
    fulltext params[:search]
    #对搜索结果进行分页
    paginate :page => params[:page] || 1, :per_page => 5 
  end 
  @articles = @search.results
end

#view
<%= form_tag articles_path, :method => :get do %> 
<p> <%= text_field_tag :search, params[:search] %> 
<%= submit_tag "Search", :name => nil %>
<% end %>

#安装和启动语句
rails g sunspot_rails:install
rake sunspot:solr:start
rake sunspot:reindex