安装

#gem install csv

导入和导出csv，主要介绍了foreach方法和generate方法

#config/routes.rb
resources :products do
  collection { post :import }
end

#products_controller.rb
def index
  @products = Product.all
  respond_to do |format|
    format.html
    format.csv { send_data @products.to_csv(['name', 'category', 'price']) }
  end
end

def import
  Product.import(params[:file])
  redirect_to root_url, notice: "Products imported."
end

#product.rb
class Product < ApplicationRecord
  def self.to_csv(fields = column_names, options = {})
    CSV.generate(options) do |csv|
      csv << fields
      all.each do |product|
        csv << product.attributes.values_at(*fields)
      end
    end
  end

  def self.import(file)
    CSV.foreach(file.path, headers: true) do |row|
      product_hash = row.to_hash
      product = find_or_create_by!(name: product_hash['name'], category: product_hash['category'])
      product.update_attributes(product_hash)
    end
  end
end

#index.html.erb
<%= form_tag import_products_path, multipart: true, class: 'form-inline' do %>
  <div class="form-group">
    <%= link_to "Export CSV", products_path(format: "csv"), class: 'btn btn-primary' %>
  </div>
  <div class="form-group">
    <%= file_field_tag :file, class: '' %>
  </div>

  <div class="form-group">
    <%= submit_tag "Import CSV", class: 'btn btn-info' %>
  </div>
<% end %>